One Body In Christ
Lesson 6: Dead in Adam, Alive in Christ
Reading
Romans 5 & 6
St. Paul, in Chapter 5 of Romans, continued with his encouragement of peace with God, despite the turmoil in the Roman Christian community, especially from those who said the Gentile Christians’ faith in Jesus Christ was not enough, but that
they must also follow the Mosaic Law.
St. Paul wrote that peace came through our faith in Jesus Christ and not through the Mosaic Law. Our faith in Christ can even transform our tribulations into hope and ultimately the glory of God. He urged the Gentile Christians to perseverance and hope in the face of tribulation because the love of God has been poured into their hearts by the Holy Spirit. (Romans 5:1-5)
St. Paul writes one of the most beautiful passages about God’s love in all of scripture, “while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. ” (Romans 5:8) While we were unbelievers and enemies of God (Paul claiming to be the greatest of these), Christ reconciled us with God through His death on the Cross. (Romans 5:6-11)
Through the disobedience of one man (Adam), sin came into the world and all of us became inheritors of the consequence of sin. The consequence of sin is death. Conversely, through Christ’s obedience we are accounted righteous, justified with God and receivers of eternal life. (Romans 5:12-21) When we were baptized, we shared in Christ’s death on the Cross. But coming up from the water, we shared in His resurrection becoming new persons. (Romans 6:1-14)
Therefore, St. Paul writes, we are no longer slaves of sin but slaves to righteousness. We are free men and women. Freed from sin and the law. We are now under God’s grace, and we serve Him as instruments of righteousness and holiness. The gift of God iseternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord. (Romans 6:15-23)
Discussion & Reflection
Q1: St. Paul wrote, “we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; and perseverance, character; and character, hope. Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us. ” (Romans 5:3-5) Do you believe we can rejoice in our tribulations?
A1: St. Paul wrote that in our suffering, we can draw closer to God’s love which is so great that it can transform even our tribulation to hope and to the Glory of God, much like Christ’s suffering on the cross became our hope.
Q2: St. Paul said that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. What does that mean? Why is this an important point?
A2: God’s love towards us is immutable and constant. We are the ones who turn away from Him. Even though we have turned away from God and His love, God was working toward our reconciliation. His reconciliation was for all mankind and for all generations. That is why in the icon of Christ’s Descent into Hades we see Christ lifting Adam from the grave, freed from shackles and chains representing the bonds of sin and death.
Q3: Why is Jesus Christ known as the New Adam?
A3: Through one man’s (Adam’s) disobedience to God, sin and death came into the world. So also, through one Man, Jesus Christ, the New Adam, the gift of righteousness and eternal life will overcome sin because of Jesus Christ’s obedience.
Q4: What is the sacrament of initiation into the Christian faith? Why does St. Paul use the analogy of "slavery" in illustrating our being under sin and death? St. Paul also compares baptism to death and resurrection. Why?
A4: The sacrament of initiation into the Christian faith is Baptism. The majority of the Roman population were slaves. Many of them became early Christians. The life of a slave in Rome was well understood. Freedom, for slaves, was a lifelong goal. Baptism has literally drowned our sins and death to our sinful selves, our old lives.
Coming out of the water of Baptism is the resurrection of new life in Christ.
Resources
- The Orthodox Study Bible, The Epistle to the Romans
- Christ’s Descent into Hades icon (Orthodox Road blog, Fr. Jeremy McKemy), www.orthodoxroad.com/christs-descent-into-hell-icon-explanation/
- Podcast: "The Whole Counsel of God" Romans, Chapter 5, Romans, Chapter 5
- Cont. & Romans, Chapter 6 by Fr. Stephen De Young (www.antientfaith.org/podcasts/wholecounsel)
Church Wisdom
Apolytikion of St. Paul (Tone 4)
We venerate thee with gladness,
O preacher of the Gentiles and thrice great star,
teacher of the Athenians and splendor of the world.
We honor thy struggles and tortures suffered on behalf of Christ,
and thy sacred martyrdom. O Holy Apostle Paul,
intercede with Christ God that our souls be saved.
Meditation & Activity
Meditate on, or study together with family, the Christ’s Descent into Hades icon. Search out the symbols: the resurrected Christ lifting Adam and Eve from the grave, locks and chains littering the ground below the surface symbolizing the bonds of sin and death. Discuss or journal about Romans 5 and 6 as it pertains to the icon.